Bear bile powder is the first of the four precious animal medicinal materials (bear bile, tiger bone, bezoar and musk), which has been used for more than 1000 years. Bear bile powder can apply for all kinds of non-traumatic eye diseases, acute and chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, fatty liver and alcoholic hepatitis, and has satisfactory therapeutic effects on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, diabetes and coronary heart disease. Based on the full study of wild bear bile and drainage bear bile powder, the Institue of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Medical Science comprehensively revealed the composition between them, clarified the effective substances in them, and developed the effective substances or substitutes of bear bile and bear bile powder. The results of preclinical research show that the composition and proportion of active ingredients in artificial bear bile powder are basically the same as those in the bear bile, and the quality of the product is stable and controllable. Moreover, its efficacy is equivalent to that of the currently used drainage bear bile powder with good safety.